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Poltava Oblast

Coordinates: 49°35′22″N 34°33′05″E / 49.58944°N 34.55139°E / 49.58944; 34.55139
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(Redirected from Poltavs'ka)
Poltava Oblast
Полтавська область
Oblast
Poltavska oblast[1]
Flag of Poltava Oblast
Flag
Coat of arms of Poltava Oblast
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
Полтавщина (Poltavshchyna)
Coordinates: 49°35′22″N 34°33′05″E / 49.58944°N 34.55139°E / 49.58944; 34.55139
Country Ukraine
Administrative centerPoltava
Government
 • GovernorFilip Pronin[2]
 • Oblast council84 seats
 • ChairpersonOleksandr Bilenky
Area
 • Total
28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi)
 • RankRanked 6th
Population
 (2022)[3]
 • Total
Decrease 1,352,283
 • RankRanked 12th
GDP
[4]
 • Total₴ 267 billion
(€6.9 billion)
 • Per capita₴ 195,825
(€5,100)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
36000-38999
Area code+380-53
ISO 3166 codeUA-53
Vehicle registrationВІ, НІ
Raions4
Cities (total)15
HDI (2022)0.727[5]
high
FIPS 10-4UP18
NUTS statistical regions of UkraineUA11
Websiteoblrada-pl.gov.ua

Poltava Oblast (Ukrainian: Полтавська область, romanized: Poltavska oblast), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Ukrainian: Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava. Most of its territory was part of the southern regions of the Cossack Hetmanate. Population: 1,352,283 (2022 estimate).[3]

Three other important cities in the oblast are Horishni Plavni, Kremenchuk, and Lubny.

History

[edit]

The Poltava Oblast was established on 22 September 1937 by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union. It was based mostly on rayons (districts) that were part of Kharkiv Oblast, with some from Kyiv Oblast. The region approximately corresponds to the earlier Poltava Governorate (1802–1925).

During the Nazi Germany occupation in 1941–43, most of the region belonged to Kiew Generalbezirke (general district), while the rest was part of the German military rear area.[citation needed] After the withdrawal of German forces, the region was reinstated almost to the same borders. In the 1950s it lost some of its territories to Kyiv Oblast and the newly created Cherkasy Oblast. Some were submerged with the creation of the Kremenchuk Reservoir in 1959.[citation needed] In 2020, as part of a general Ukrainian administrative reform, Poltava Oblast reduced the number of its raions by increasing them in size.[citation needed]

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the town of Myrhorod was bombed. However, there has been no ground fighting and the province remains completely under Ukrainian control.[citation needed]

Geography

[edit]

Poltava Oblast is situated in the central part of Ukraine. Located on the left bank of the Dnieper, the Poltava region was part of the Cossack Hetmanate. It has an area of 28,800 km2. The oblast borders Chernihiv, Sumy, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Cherkasy and Kyiv oblasts. The oblast does not contain any notable landforms apart from the Dnieper river, the land is gently undulating.

Demographics

[edit]

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, ethnic Ukrainians accounted for 91.4% of the population of Poltava Oblast, and ethnic Russians for 7.2%.[6][7]

As of 2018, its population was 1,400,000 and population density was 49 people per 1 km2.[8]

Language

[edit]
See also: Languages of Ukraine
According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, Ukrainian was the native language for over 90% of Poltava Oblast's population: it was the dominant language in all of the city, town, and village councils of the oblast.

Due to the Russification of Ukraine during the Soviet era, the share of Ukrainian speakers in the population of Poltava Oblast gradually decreased, while the share of Russian speakers increased.[9] Native language of the population of Poltava Oblast according to the results of population censuses:[10][11][12][13][14][15]

1959 1970 1989 2001
Ukrainian 92.1% 90.3% 85.9% 90.0%
Russian 7.2% 9.1% 13.2% 9.5%
Other 0.7% 0.6% 0.9% 0.5%

Native language of the population of the raions, cities and city councils of Poltava Oblast according to the 2001 Ukrainian census:[16]

Ukrainian Russian
Poltava Oblast 90.0% 9.5%
City of Poltava 85.4% 14.1%
City of Kremenchuk 75.5% 23.9%
City of Lubny 91.1% 8.6%
City of Myrhorod 88.3% 11.3%
Komsomolsk (city council) 73.2% 26.3%
Velyka Bahachka Raion 96.7% 2.8%
Hadiach Raion 96.9% 2.8%
Hlobyne Raion 95.9% 3.4%
Hrebinka Raion 95.8% 3.6%
Dykanka Raion 95.3% 3.9%
Zinkiv Raion 97.0% 2.3%
Karlivka Raion 95.9% 3.4%
Kobeliaky Raion 96.0% 3.3%
Kozelshchyna Raion 96.0% 3.4%
Kotelva Raion 97.2% 2.4%
Kremenchuk Raion
(in pre-2020 borders)		 93.8% 5.6%
Lokhvytsia Raion 96.9% 2.7%
Lubny Raion
(in pre-2020 borders)		 97.5% 2.1%
Mashivka Raion 95.4% 3.9%
Myrhorod Raion
(in pre-2020 borders)		 97.5% 2.3%
Novi Sanzhary Raion 95.9% 3.4%
Orzhytsia Raion 97.5% 2.1%
Pyriatyn Raion 94.8% 4.8%
Poltava Raion
(in pre-2020 borders)		 93.8% 5.7%
Reshetylivka Raion 96.4% 2.7%
Semenivka Raion 97.3% 2.2%
Khorol Raion 97.3% 2.5%
Chornukhy Raion 97.9% 1.9%
Chutove Raion 95.2% 4.0%
Shyshaky Raion 96.7% 2.5%

Ukrainian is the only official language on the whole territory of Poltava Oblast.[17]

According to a poll conducted by Rating from 16 November to 10 December 2018 as part of the project «Portraits of Regions», 80% of the residents of Poltava Oblast believed that the Ukrainian language should be the only state language on the entire territory of Ukraine. 9% believed that Ukrainian should be the only state language, while Russian should be the second official language in some regions of the country. 8% believed that Russian should become the second state language of the country. 3% found it difficult to answer.[18]

On 3 December 2024, Poltava Oblast Council approved the «Programme for the Development and Functioning of the Ukrainian Language as the State Language in All Spheres of Public Life in Poltava Oblast for 2025—2030», the main objectives of which are to strengthen the positions of the Ukrainian language in various spheres of public life in the oblast and to Ukrainianize the refugees from other regions of Ukraine.[19][20]

According to the research of the Content Analysis Centre, conducted from 15 August to 15 September 2024, the topic of which was the ratio of Ukrainian and Russian languages in the Ukrainian segment of social media, 76.0% of posts from Poltava Oblast were written in Ukrainian (63.9% in 2023, 60.0% in 2022, 15.5% in 2020), while 24.0% were written in Russian (36.1% in 2023, 40.0% in 2022, 84.5% in 2020).[21][22]

After Ukraine declared independence in 1991, Poltava Oblast, as well as Ukraine as a whole, experienced a gradual Ukrainization of the education system, which had been Russified[23] during the Soviet era. Dynamics of the ratio of the languages of instruction in general secondary education institutions in Poltava Oblast:[24][25][26][27][28][29][30]

Language of instruction,
% of pupils		 1991—
1992		 1992—
1993		 1993—
1994		 1994—
1995		 1995—
1996		 2000—
2001		 2005—
2006		 2007—
2008		 2010—
2011		 2012—
2013		 2015—
2016		 2018—
2019		 2021—
2022		 2022—
2023
Ukrainian 74.3% 74.4% 77.5% 80.6% 83.0% 93.0% 97.0% 97.0% 98.0% 98.0% 99.0% 99.0% 99.96% 100.0%
Russian 25.7% 25.6% 22.5% 19.4% 17.0% 7.0% 3.0% 3.0% 2.0% 2.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.04% —

According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, in the 2023—2024 school year, all 134,575 pupils in general secondary education institutions in Poltava Oblast were studying in classes where Ukrainian was the language of instruction.[31]

Age structure

[edit]
0–14 years: 13.2% Increase (male 99,444/female 93,949)
15–64 years: 69.9% Steady (male 483,389/female 530,911)
65 years and over: 16.9% Decrease (male 81,435/female 164,861) (2013 official)

Median age

[edit]
total: 41.4 years Increase
male: 38.0 years Increase
female: 44.7 years Increase (2013 official)

Points of interest

[edit]

The following historic-cultural sites were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine.

Other points of interest include the Poltava Regional Zemstvo Building, the site of the Battle of Poltava, and the Bilsk hillfort.


Economy

[edit]

Industry

[edit]

The oblast is a center of Ukraine's oil and natural gas industry, with many wells and pipelines situated here. There is a major oil refinery plant in the city of Kremenchuk. Important iron ore processing facilities also present. In general, there are 374 large industrial organization and 618 small industrial organizations.[citation needed]

Agriculture

[edit]

In 1999 the gross grain yield was about 14,529 thousand tons, sugar beets – 1,002,900 tons, sunflower seeds – 166,200 tons, potatoes – 279,900 tons. The oblast also produced 120,500 tons of meat, 645,900 tons of milk and 423,200,00 eggs.[citation needed] At the beginning of 1999 there were 1,311 registered farms in the region.[citation needed]

Administrative divisions

[edit]
Raions of Poltava Oblast as of August 2020.
Main article: Administrative divisions of Poltava Oblast

The oblast is divided into 4 districts and 60 hromadas.

The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Poltava Oblast Rada. The governor of the oblast is the Poltava Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine.

The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of the Poltava Oblast:

On 18 July 2020, the number of raions was reduced to four.[32][33] These are:

  1. Kremenchuk Raion (Кременчуцький район), the center is in the city of Kremenchuk;
  2. Lubny Raion (Лубенський район), the center is in the city of Lubny;
  3. Myrhorod Raion (Миргородський район), the center is in the city of Myrhorod;
  4. Poltava Raion (Полтавський район), the center is in the city of Poltava.

Until 2020

[edit]
Name Ukrainian name Area
(km2)		 Population
census 2015[34]		 Admin. center Urban population
Poltava Полта́ва (місто) 103 293,945 Poltava (city) 293,945
Horishni Plavni Горішні Плавні (місто) 34 54,701 Horishni Plavni (city) 52,144
Kremenchuk Кременчу́к (місто) 96 223,942 Kremenchuk (city) 223,942
Lubny Лубни (місто) 46 46,820 Lubny (city) 46,820
Myrhorod Миргород (місто) 20 40,440 Myrhorod (city) 40,440
Chornukhy Raion Чорнухинський район 682 11,485 Chornukhy 2,581
Chutove Raion Чутівський район 861 22,976 Chutove 9,468
Dykanka Raion Диканський район 679 18,993 Dykanka 7,804
Hadiach Raion Гадяцький район 1,595 29,767 Hadiach 24,005
Hlobyne Raion Глобинський район 2,500 44,007 Hlobyne 16,182
Hrebinka Raion Гребінківський район 595 22,589 Hrebinka 10,926
Karlivka Raion Карлівський район 854 34,121 Karlivka 14,997
Khorol Raion Хорольський район 1,062 34,670 Khorol 13,304
Kobeliaky Raion Кобеляцький район 1,823 42,419 Kobeliaky 14,982
Kotelva Raion Котелевський район 800 19,674 Kotelva 12,406
Kozelshchyna Raion Козельщинський район 930 19,575 Kozelshchyna 5,981
Kremenchuk Raion Кременчуцький район 1,200 39,699 Kremenchuk (city) N/A *
Lokhvytsia Raion Лохвицький район 1,300 43,274 Lokhvytsia 20,187
Lubny Raion Лубенський район 1,378 31,983 Lubny (city) N/A *
Mashivka Raion Машівський район 889 19,609 Mashivka 3,815
Myrhorod Raion Миргородський район 1,540 32,115 Myrhorod (city) N/A *
Novi Sanzhary Raion Новосанжарський район 1,300 34,620 Novi Sanzhary 8,375
Orzhytsia Raion Оржицький район 1,000 24228 Orzhytsia 5,369
Poltava Raion Полтавський район 1,259 67,095 Poltava (city) N/A *
Pyriatyn Raion Пирятинський район 864 31,809 Pyriatyn 15,796
Reshetylivka Raion Решетилівський район 1,009 26,399 Reshetylivka 9,340
Semenivka Raion Семенівський район 1,300 25,456 Semenivka 6,244
Shyshaky Raion Шишацький район 790 20,423 Shyshaky 4,545
Velyka Bahachka Raion Великобагачанський район 1,000 25,145 Velyka Bahachka 8,350
Zinkiv Raion Зіньківський район 1,360 34,700 Zinkiv 15,179

Note: Asterisks (*) Though the administrative center of the raion is housed in the city that it is named after, cities do not answer to the raion authorities only towns do; instead they are directly subordinated to the oblast government and therefore are not counted as part of raion statistics.

Nomenclature

[edit]

Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Poltava is the center of the Poltavs'ka oblast' (Poltava Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Poltava Oblast, Poltavshchyna.

See also: Romanization of Ukrainian
[edit]
  • Corpus garden
    Corpus garden
  • Kremenchuk
    Kremenchuk
  • Lubny
    Lubny
  • Myrhorod
    Myrhorod
  • Hadiach
    Hadiach
  • Karlivka
    Karlivka
  • Khorol
    Khorol
  • Kotelva
    Kotelva
  • Railway station in Kremenchuk
    Railway station in Kremenchuk
  • Monument to those killed in the Second World War
    Monument to those killed in the Second World War
  • Detail of Diorama of Battle of Poltava
    Detail of Diorama of Battle of Poltava
  • Deivka
    Deivka

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Syvak, Nina; Ponomarenko, Valerii; Khodzinska, Olha; Lakeichuk, Iryna (2011). Veklych, Lesia (ed.). Toponymic Guidelines for Map and Other Editors for International Use (PDF). scientific consultant Iryna Rudenko; reviewed by Nataliia Kizilowa; translated by Olha Khodzinska. Kyiv: DerzhHeoKadastr and Kartographia. p. 20. ISBN 978-966-475-839-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-01-25. Retrieved 2020-10-06. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  2. ^ "Zelenskyy appoints new head of Poltava Oblast Military Administration". Ukrainska Pravda. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
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  4. ^ "Валовий регіональний продукт".
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  6. ^ (in Ukrainian) Етнічний склад населення України, 2001 рік
  7. ^ Банк даних, перепис 2001 року
  8. ^ "Poltava Oblast, Ukraine Travel Guide". ukrainetrek.com. Archived from the original on 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2020-01-09.
  9. ^ "Динамика численности этнических украинцев в УССР: на основе итогов Всесоюзных переписей населения 1959 г., 1970 г. и 1979 г." (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2024-06-29. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  10. ^ Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1959 года: Украинская ССР, стр. 168—193
  11. ^ Численность и состав населения СССР: по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения 1979 года. Центральное статистическое управление СССР, 1984
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  17. ^ "Про забезпечення функціонування української мови як державної" (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2020-05-02. Retrieved 2020-03-25.
  18. ^ "«ПОРТРЕТИ РЕГІОНІВ»: ПІДСУМКИ. Зведені дані, порівняльний аналіз між областями" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). Рейтинг. 2018-12-26.
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[edit]
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